| Ai-yotsu |
Same grip used by both persons, either right or left |
| Ashi |
Foot, leg |
| Ashi Waza |
Foot techniques |
| Atemi Waza |
Striking techniques |
| Ayumi Ashi |
Ordinary pattern of walking |
| Batsugun |
Instant promotion |
| Budo |
Martial ways |
| Bujutsu |
Martial arts |
| Bushido |
Way of the warrior |
| Chui |
Penalty (no longer used) |
| Dan |
Black belt rank |
| Debana |
Instant of opportunity to break balance as opponent initiates a motion |
| Dojo |
School or training hall for studying the way |
| Eri |
Collar, lapel |
| Fudoshin |
Immovable spirit |
| Fusegi |
Escapes |
| Fusen Gachi |
Win by default |
| Goshin Jutsu |
Art of self defense |
| Hajime |
Begin |
| Hando no Kuzushi |
Unbalancing by reaction |
| Hansoku-make |
Most serious penalty, disqualification |
| Hantei |
Referee call for judge’s decision |
| Happo no Kuzushi |
Kuzushi in 8 directions |
| Hara |
Stomach |
| Hidari |
Left |
| Hiji |
Elbow |
| Hiki-wake |
No decision–tie or draw |
| Hikite |
Pulling hand — usually the hand gripping a sleeve |
| Hiza |
Knee |
| Ippon |
Victory in one move, one point |
| Jigotai |
Defensive posture |
| Jikan |
Referee call to stop the clock |
| Jita Kyoei |
Principle of mutual prosperity |
| Joseki |
Place of honor, upper seat |
| Judo |
Gentle or flexible way |
| Judo Ichidai |
A Judo life–Spending one’s life in the diligent pursuit of Judo |
| Judogi |
Judo practice uniform |
| Judoka |
One who studies Judo |
| Ju no Kata |
Forms of gentleness |
| Ju no Ri |
Principle of flexibility or yielding |
| Jujutsu |
Gentle art |
| Kaeshi Waza |
Counter techniques |
| Kake |
Completion or execution of technique |
| Kansetsu Waza |
Joint locking techniques |
| Kappo |
Resuscitation techniques |
| Kata |
Forms |
| Kata |
Shoulder |
| Katame no kata |
Forms of grappling |
| Katsu |
Resuscitation |
| Keikoku |
Penalty (no longer used) |
| Kenka Yotsu |
Opposite grips used by each person, one right/one left |
| Kiai |
To gather spirit with a shout |
| Kime no Kata |
Forms of decision |
| Kinshi Waza |
Techniques prohibited in competition |
| Ki o tsuke |
Attention |
| Kodansha |
High ranking judoka — 5th dan and above |
| Kodokan |
Judo institute in Tokyo where Judo was founded |
| Kogeki Seyo |
Order for judoka to attack |
| Koka |
Score less than a yuko |
| Koshi |
Hip |
| Koshi Waza |
Hip techniques |
| Kubi |
Neck |
| Kumikata |
Gripping methods |
| Kuzure |
Modified hold |
| Kuzushi |
Unbalancing the opponent |
| Kyoshi |
Instructor |
| Kyu |
Student rank |
| Maai |
Space or engagement distance |
| Mae |
Forward, front |
| Mae Sabaki |
Frontal escape |
| Mae Ukemi |
Falling forward |
| Masutemi Waza |
Back sacrifice throws |
| Mate |
Stop (wait) |
| Migi |
Right |
| Mudansha |
Students below black belt rank |
| Mune |
Chest |
| Nage |
Throw |
| Nage no Kata |
Forms of throwing |
| Nagekomi |
Repetitive throwing practice |
| Nage Waza |
Throwing techniques |
| Ne Waza |
Techniques on the ground |
| Obi |
Judo belt |
| Okuden |
Secret teachings |
| Osaekomi |
Pin, referee call to begin timing |
| Osaekomi Waza |
Pinning techniques |
| Osaekomi Toketa |
Escape, stop timing of hold |
| Randori |
Free practice |
| Randori no Kata |
Forms of free practice techniques |
| Randori Waza |
Techniques for free practice |
| Rei |
Bow |
| Reiho |
Forms of respect, manners, etiquette |
| Renraku Waza |
Combination techniques |
| Ritsurei |
Standing bow |
| Seika Tanden |
A point in the abdomen that is the center of gravity |
| Seiryoku Zenyo |
Principle of maximum efficiency |
| Seiza |
Formal kneeling posture |
| Sen |
Attack initiative |
| Sensei |
Teacher, instructor |
| Shiai |
Contest |
| Shiaijo |
Competition area |
| Shido |
Penalty, equal to koka score |
| Shihan |
Title for a model teacher or “teacher who sets the standard” (i.e. Kano-shihan) |
| Shime Waza |
Choking techniques |
| Shinpan |
Referee |
| Shintai |
Moving forwards, sideways & backwards |
| Shisei |
Posture |
| Shizentai |
Natural posture |
| Shomen |
Dojo front |
| Sode |
Sleeve |
| Soke |
Founder of a martial art or ryu |
| Sono Mama |
Stop action; command to freeze |
| Sore Made |
Finished, time is up |
| Sute Geiko |
Randori throwing practice against a higher level judoka |
| Sutemi Waza |
Sacrifice techniques |
| Tachi Waza |
Standing techniques |
| Tai Sabaki |
Body control, turning |
| Tatami |
Mat |
| Te |
Hand, arm |
| Te Waza |
Hand techniques |
| Tekubi |
Wrist |
| Tokui Waza |
Favorite or best technique |
| Tori |
Person performing a technique |
| Tsugi Ashi |
Walking by bringing one foot up to another |
| Tsukuri |
Entry into a technique, positioning |
| Tsurite |
Lifting hand |
| Uchikomi |
Repeated practice without completion |
| Ude |
Arm |
| Uke |
Person receiving the technique |
| Ukemi |
Breakfall techniques |
| Ushiro |
Backward, rear |
| Ushiro Sabaki |
Back movement control |
| Ushiro Ukemi |
Falling backward |
| Waki |
Armpit |
| Waza |
Technique |
| Waza Ari |
Near ippon or half point |
| Waza ari Awasete Ippon |
Two waza-ari together for ippon |
| Yakusoku Geiko (or renshu) |
Pre-arranged free practice |
| Yoko |
Side |
| Yoko Kaiten Ukemi |
Sideways rolling break fall |
| Yoko Sutemi Waza |
Side sacrifice throws |
| Yoko Ukemi |
Falling sideways |
| Yoshi |
Resume action, continue |
| Yubi |
Finger |
| Yudansha |
Person who earned the black belt |
| Yudanshakai |
Black belt association |
| Yuko |
Score less than a waza-ari |
| Yusei Gachi |
Win by judge’s decision |
| Zanshin |
Awareness |
| Zarei |
Kneeling salutation |
| Zenpo Kaiten Ukemi |
Forward rolling break fall |
| Zubon |
Pants |
